SPRINKLER IRRIGATION

SPRINKLER IRRIGATION

#SPRINKLER#IRRIGATION#Distribute#Water#Spraying #Pressurized-System

Sprinkler Irrigation water is applied through a pressurized system. The pressure causes the water to flow out through the sprinkler nozzle and fly through the air and falls onto the soil surface. Sprinkler lines are light in weight, hence can be easily transported and installed in the field. Highly flexible, crack and impact-proof, sustains high pressure and temperature, hence more durable than other sprinkler systems.  Sprinkler system is manufactured from 100% virgin quality raw materials and 50% water saving in comparison with conventional irrigation

COMPONENTS OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM A pump unit Tubings- main/sub-mains and laterals Couplers Sprinkler head Other accessories such as valves, bends, plugs and risers. 

Pumping Unit: Sprinkler irrigation systems distribute water by spraying it over the fields. The water is pumped 2 under pressure to the fields. The pressure forces the water through sprinklers or through perforations or nozzles in pipelines and then forms a spray. A high speed centrifugal or turbine pump can be used for operating sprinkler irrigation for individual fields. Centrifugal pump is used when the distance from the pump inlet to the water surface is less than eight meters. For pumping water from deep wells or more than eight meters, a turbine pump is suggested.

Tubings: Mains/sub-mains: The Tubings consist of mainline, sub-mains. Main line conveys water from the source and distributes it to the sub-mains. The sub-mains convey water to the laterals which in turn supply water to the sprinklers. HDPE (HIGH DESITY POLY ETHYLENE) pipes are used for sub-mains, PVC e usually used for main lines. ™ Durable and light weight – lasts for more than 50 years ™ Smooth external and internal finish – flow is almost frictionless, so energy savings are up to 33.50% ™ Corrosion resistant – inert to most acids & alkalis. ™ Comprehensive range – available from DN 20 to DN 500. ™ Joins easily & is leak proof. ™ Strong enough to last uneven static and dynamic loads ™ Flexibility ensures smooth installation and trouble free functioning 

Couplers: Are used for connecting two pipes and uncoupling quickly and easily. Essentially a coupler should provide 3 (a) a reuse and flexible connection (b) not leak at the joint (c) be simple and easy to couple and uncouple (d) Be light, non-corrosive.

Sprinkler Head: Sprinkler head distribute water uniformly over the field without runoff or excessive loss due to deep percolation. Different types of sprinklers are available. They are either rotating or fixed type. The rotating type can be adapted for a wide range of application rates and spacing. They are effective with pressure of about 10 to 70 m head at the sprinkler. Pressures ranging from 16 to 40 m head are considered the most practical for most farmers. Sprinkler head Fixed head sprinklers are commonly used to irrigate small lawns and gardens. Perforated lateral lines are sometimes used as sprinklers. They require less pressure than rotating sprinklers. They  release more water per unit area than rotating sprinklers. Hence fixed head sprinklers are adaptable for soils with high intake rate. 

Fittings and accessories: The following are some of the important fittings and accessories used in sprinkler system. 
(a) Water meters: It is used to measure the volume of water delivered. This is necessary to operate the system to give the required quantity of water. 
(b) Flange, couplings and nipple used for proper connection to the pump, suction and delivery. 
(c) Pressure gauge: It is necessary to know whether the sprinkler system is working with desired pressure to ensure application uniformity. 
(d) Bend, tees, reducers, elbows, hydrants, butterfly valve and plugs. 
(e) Fertilizer applicator: Soluble chemical fertilizers can be injected into the sprinkler system and applied to the crop. 
The equipment for fertilizer application is relatively cheap and simple and can be fabricated locally. The fertilizer applicator consists of a sealed fertilizer tank with necessary tubings and connections. A venturi injector can be arranged in the main line, which creates the differential pressure suction and allows the fertilizer solution to flow in the main water line.

Many HDPE pipe manifaceurer offers a number of techno commercial advantages over the conventional piping system ™ The smooth interior surface provides a high flow factor that does not decrease over time. ™ Longer lengths, which reduces the number of unions(smaller cost) and reducers the possibilities of human errors in the installation. ™ Corrosion resistant. ™ Easy transport. ™ Flexibility, Longevity. ™ It doesn’t maintain permanent deformations. ™ Light weight, Cost effective Installation. Bacteria and chemical; resistant. ™ Resistant to seismic movement.